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英文(2) Lesson 4: Malala: Stronger than Violence (馬拉拉：堅毅勝過暴力) … 重點整理

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Lesson 4: Malala: Stronger than Violence (馬拉拉：堅毅勝過暴力)
Part A: 課文與翻譯

Paragraph 1 None of the fourteen female students took notice when their school truck stopped. On the crowded roads of Pakistan, such stops were common. Suddenly, two men wearing masks hopped onto the truck. “Which one is Malala?” one of them asked. No one replied, but a few looked toward fifteen-year-old Malala Yousafzai. The man shot Malala in the head and then hopped off and disappeared. Blood dripped from Malala’s head, and she fell to the floor.

十四位女學生在校車停下時都沒注意。在巴基斯坦擁擠的道路上，這樣的停車是很常見的。突然，兩個戴著面具的男子跳上校車。「哪一位是馬拉拉？」其中一人問道。沒有人回答，但有幾個人看向十五歲的馬拉拉·尤薩夫扎伊。那男子朝馬拉拉的頭部開槍，然後跳下車消失了。血從馬拉拉的頭部滴下，她倒在地板上。

解析與詞彙

  • female [‘fi

    ] (adj.) 女性的

    • Only females are allowed to use this toilet. (只有女性能使用這個廁所。)
  • crowded [‘kraʊdɪd] (adj.) 擁擠的
    • The bus was very crowded this morning. (今天早上的公交車非常擁擠。)
  • mask [mɑ

    ] (n.) 面具

    • She wore a mask to the party. (她戴著面具參加派對。)
  • hop [hɒp] (v.) 跳上/下
    • The boy hopped onto the bus. (那男孩跳上了公交車。)

句型分析

  1. wearing…: A participle phrase modifying “men.”
    • The man wearing a red hat is my uncle. (戴紅帽子的男人是我叔叔。)
  2. looked toward…: “toward” is a preposition indicating direction.
    • She looked toward the window. (她看向窗戶。)
  3. shot Malala in the head: “shoot sb. in the + body part” means to shoot someone in a specific body part.
    • The hunter shot the deer in the leg. (獵人射中了鹿的腿。)

Paragraph 2 Malala grew up in a beautiful city in northern Pakistan. Unfortunately, this region was under Taliban rule from 2007 to 2009. The girls there were forbidden to go to school, and over one hundred girls’ schools were blown up. Malala was one of the few girls to continue her education. Her father, a school principal, urged her to keep studying, even though many Pakistani women got married in their teens and had great difficulty attending school. Malala believed that no one could take away others’ right to education. She thus became an advocate of equal rights for female students. In 2009, she started writing blogs for the BBC about life in a society controlled by the Taliban. Although this annoyed Taliban leaders, she continued speaking out about girls’ educational rights.

馬拉拉在巴基斯坦北部的一座美麗城市長大。不幸的是，該地區從2007年到2009年受到塔利班的統治。那裡的女孩被禁止上學，超過一百所女子學校被炸毀。馬拉拉是少數繼續接受教育的女孩之一。她的父親是一位校長，鼓勵她繼續學習，儘管許多巴基斯坦女性在十幾歲時就結婚了，且難以上學。馬拉拉相信沒有人能剝奪他人接受教育的權利。因此，她成為女學生平等權利的倡導者。2009年，她開始為BBC寫有關塔利班統治下生活的博客。儘管這激怒了塔利班領袖，她仍繼續為女孩的教育權利發聲。

解析與詞彙

  • region [‘ri

    ʒən] (n.) 地區

    • This region is known for its beautiful landscapes. (這個地區以其美麗的風景聞名。)
  • forbidden [fə’bɪdn] (adj.) 被禁止的
    • Smoking is forbidden in this area. (在這個區域禁止吸煙。)
  • advocate [‘ædvəkət] (n.) 提倡者
    • He is a strong advocate for human rights. (他是人權的強烈擁護者。)
  • annoy [ə’nɔɪ] (v.) 惹怒
    • The loud noise annoyed everyone in the room. (吵鬧聲惹惱了房間裡的每個人。)

句型分析

  1. was under Taliban rule: “under” indicates control or influence.
    • The country was under foreign rule for many years. (這個國家被外國統治了多年。)
  2. urged her to keep studying: “urge + sb. + to + V” means to encourage someone to do something.
    • The coach urged the team to practice harder. (教練敦促球隊更努力地練習。)
  3. speaking out about girls’ educational rights: “speak out” means to publicly voice one’s opinions.
    • He spoke out against the new policy. (他公開反對新政策。)

Paragraph 3 When her story became known, the Taliban threatened to kill her. On October 9, 2012, when the Taliban carried out their threat, the whole world was shocked. Miraculously, the brave girl survived surgery at a local hospital and was then flown to Britain for further treatment. For several months, she had trouble speaking but eventually recovered in full. Her struggle attracted the whole world’s attention. Many were inspired by her efforts, and over two million supporters worldwide signed a statement calling for equal education in Pakistan. All this attention persuaded the Pakistani government to adopt a new policy ensuring equal educational rights for boys and girls alike. Soon afterward, the Malala Fund was established to help empower girls around the globe through education. Then, in 2014, Malala won the Nobel Peace Prize. At the age of seventeen, she was the youngest person ever to receive this great honor.

當她的故事為人所知後，塔利班威脅要殺死她。2012年10月9日，塔利班實行了他們的威脅，震驚了全世界。奇蹟般地，這位勇敢的女孩在當地醫院經過手術後倖存下來，隨後被送往英國進行進一步治療。幾個月來，她說話困難，但最終完全康復。她的奮鬥引起了全世界的注意。許多人被她的努力所激勵，全球超過兩百萬支持者簽署聲明，呼籲在巴基斯坦實現教育平等。所有這些關注促使巴基斯坦政府採取新政策，確保男女都有平等的教育權利。不久之後，馬拉拉基金會成立，以通過教育賦予全球女孩力量。然後，在2014年，馬拉拉獲得了諾貝爾和平獎。當時她才十七歲，是有史以來獲得這一殊榮的最年輕的人。

解析與詞彙

  • threatened [‘θretnd] (v.) 威脅
    • The dark clouds threatened a storm. (烏雲威脅著即將來臨的暴風雨。)
  • miraculously [mɪ’rækjʊləsli] (adv.) 奇蹟般地
    • She miraculously recovered from the accident. (她奇蹟般地從事故中康復。)
  • survive [sə’vaɪv] (v.) 生存
    • He survived the plane crash. (他在飛機墜毀中倖存。)
  • empower [ɪm’paʊər] (v.) 賦予力量
    • The program aims to empower young people. (該計劃旨在賦予年輕人力量。)

句型分析

  1. became known: “become + adj.” means to change into a state.
    • The news became known to everyone. (這消息為大家所知。)
  2. carried out their threat: “carry out” means to execute or perform.
    • They carried out the plan successfully. (他們成功地執行了計劃。)
  3. recovered in full: “recover” means to return to a normal state.
    • She recovered in full after the operation. (她在手術後完全康復。)

Paragraph 4 During a speech Malala once gave at the UN, she shared these wise and powerful words with the world: “Let us pick up our books and pens. They are our most powerful weapons. One child, one teacher, one book, and one pen can change the world!”

在一次馬拉拉在聯合國的演講中，她與世界分享了這些智慧且有力的話語：「讓我們拿起書和筆。它們是我們最強而有力的武器。一個孩子，一位老師，一本書和一支筆可以改變世界！」

解析與詞彙

  • speech [spi

    ʃ] (n.) 演講

    • She gave a moving speech at the conference. (她在會議上發表了感人的演講。)
  • wise [waɪz] (adj.) 智慧的
    • He is known for his wise decisions. (他以明智的決定聞名。)
  • powerful [‘paʊəfl] (adj.) 有力的
    • The powerful engine roared to life. (強大的引擎咆哮著啟動了。)
  • weapon [‘wepən] (n.) 武器
    • Knowledge is a powerful weapon. (知識是一種強大的武器。)

句型分析

  1. gave a speech: “give a speech” means to deliver a formal talk.
    • He gave a speech at the graduation ceremony. (他在畢業典禮上發表了演講。)
  2. pick up: “pick up” means to lift or take something.
    • She picked up the phone. (她接起了電話。)
  3. can change the world: “can” indicates possibility or ability.
    • A single idea can change the world. (一個想法可以改變世界。)
單字介紹與例句

  1. female [‘fi

    ] (adj.) 女性的

    • Only females are allowed to use this toilet. (只有女性能使用這個廁所。)

  2. crowded [‘kraʊdɪd] (adj.) 擁擠的

    • The bus was very crowded this morning. (今天早上的公交車非常擁擠。)

  3. mask [mɑ

    ] (n.) 面具

    • She wore a mask to the party. (她戴著面具參加派對。)

  4. hop [hɒp] (v.) 跳上/下

    • The boy hopped onto the bus. (那男孩跳上了公交車。)

  5. region [‘ri

    ʒən] (n.) 地區

    • This region is known for its beautiful landscapes. (這個地區以其美麗的風景聞名。)

  6. forbidden [fə’bɪdn] (adj.) 被禁止的

    • Smoking is forbidden in this area. (在這個區域禁止吸煙。)

  7. advocate [‘ædvəkət] (n.) 提倡者

    • He is a strong advocate for human rights. (他是人權的強烈擁護者。)

  8. annoy [ə’nɔɪ] (v.) 惹怒

    • The loud noise annoyed everyone in the room. (吵鬧聲惹惱了房間裡的每個人。)

  9. threatened [‘θretnd] (v.) 威脅

    • The dark clouds threatened a storm. (烏雲威脅著即將來臨的暴風雨。)

  10. miraculously [mɪ’rækjʊləsli] (adv.) 奇蹟般地

    • She miraculously recovered from the accident. (她奇蹟般地從事故中康復。)

  11. survive [sə’vaɪv] (v.) 生存

    • He survived the plane crash. (他在飛機墜毀中倖存。)

  12. empower [ɪm’paʊər] (v.) 賦予力量

    • The program aims to empower young people. (該計劃旨在賦予年輕人力量。)

  13. speech [spi

    ʃ] (n.) 演講

    • She gave a moving speech at the conference. (她在會議上發表了感人的演講。)

  14. wise [waɪz] (adj.) 智慧的

    • He is known for his wise decisions. (他以明智的決定聞名。)

  15. powerful [‘paʊəfl] (adj.) 有力的

    • The powerful engine roared to life. (強大的引擎咆哮著啟動了。)

  16. weapon [‘wepən] (n.) 武器

    • Knowledge is a powerful weapon. (知識是一種強大的武器。)
片語及慣用語

  1. take notice (of …): 注意

    • We were too busy working, so no one took notice when Alex left last night. (我們忙著工作，所以昨晚Alex離開時沒有人注意到。)

  2. blow up: 炸毀

    • Enemy forces blew up the bridge with a bomb so that our army could not advance. (敵軍用炸藥炸毀了那座橋梁，好讓我軍無法前進。)

  3. take away: 拿走

    • Robert’s parents were worried that online games would distract him from his studies, so they took away his smartphone. (Robert的父母擔心線上遊戲會讓他無法專心課業，所以他們拿走了他的智慧型手機。)

  4. speak out: 發聲

    • Many concerned citizens have spoken out against the building of nuclear power plants. (許多關心的市民已經公開表示反對建造核能發電廠。)

  5. call for: 呼籲

    • The workers called for the company to raise their salaries by going on a five-day strike. (工人們進行五天的罷工，要求公司加薪。)
句型分析

  1. wearing…: A participle phrase modifying “men.”

    • The man wearing a red hat is my uncle. (戴紅帽子的男人是我叔叔。)

  2. looked toward…: “toward” is a preposition indicating direction.

    • She looked toward the window. (她看向窗戶。)

  3. shot Malala in the head: “shoot sb. in the + body part” means to shoot someone in a specific body part.

    • The hunter shot the deer in the leg. (獵人射中了鹿的腿。)

  4. was under Taliban rule: “under” indicates control or influence.

    • The country was under foreign rule for many years. (這個國家被外國統治了多年。)

  5. urged her to keep studying: “urge + sb. + to + V” means to encourage someone to do something.

    • The coach urged the team to practice harder. (教練敦促球隊更努力地練習。)

  6. speaking out about girls’ educational rights: “speak out” means to publicly voice one’s opinions.

    • He spoke out against the new policy. (他公開反對新政策。)

  7. became known: “become + adj.” means to change into a state.

    • The news became known to everyone. (這消息為大家所知。)

  8. carried out their threat: “carry out” means to execute or perform.

    • They carried out the plan successfully. (他們成功地執行了計劃。)

  9. recovered in full: “recover” means to return to a normal state.

    • She recovered in full after the operation. (她在手術後完全康復。)

  10. gave a speech: “give a speech” means to deliver a formal talk.

    • He gave a speech at the graduation ceremony. (他在畢業典禮上發表了演講。)

  11. pick up: “pick up” means to lift or take something.

    • She picked up the phone. (她接起了電話。)

  12. can change the world: “can” indicates possibility or ability.

    • A single idea can change the world. (一個想法可以改變世界。)
補充用法

  1. grow up: 成長

    • I never thought that Eddie would grow up to be a famous painter. (我沒想到Eddie長大後會成為一位知名畫家。)

  2. be under… rule: 在…統治下

    • For many years Algeria was under French rule. (阿爾及利亞被法國統治多年。)

  3. shoot sb. in the + 身體部位: 朝某人…部位開槍

    • The hunter shot the deer in the leg. (獵人射中了鹿的腿。)

  4. believe that…: 相信…

    • She believes that everyone deserves a second chance. (她相信每個人都應該有第二次機會。)

  5. speak out against: 公開反對

    • Many citizens spoke out against the new policy. (許多市民公開反對新政策。)

  6. take away: 拿走

    • The doctor took away his pain with medication. (醫生用藥物減輕了他的疼痛。)

  7. become known: 變得知名

    • The artist became known for his unique style. (這位藝術家因其獨特風格而聞名。)

  8. carry out: 執行

    • The scientists carried out a series of experiments. (科學家們進行了一系列實驗。)

  9. recover in full: 完全康復

    • After months of treatment, he recovered in full. (經過幾個月的治療，他完全康復了。)

  10. give a speech: 演講

    • She was nervous before she gave the speech. (她在演講前很緊張。)

  11. pick up: 拿起

    • Please pick up your toys. (請把你的玩具撿起來。)

  12. can change the world: 可以改變世界

    • Education can change the world. (教育可以改變世界。)

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